Author: atramlukan

Updates, licences, battery voltage during coding, cable care and why an unstable power supply is the most expensive thing in a South African workshop.

Generic OBD2 and full manufacturer-level diagnostics are not the same thing. What the port guarantees, what it does not, and why imports and older bakkies need checking first.

The four tiers of diagnostic tool, what each one can actually do, and how to work out which tier you need before you spend anything.

A fault code names a symptom, not a part. How to read a DTC properly, what freeze frame and live data add, and why clearing codes fixes nothing.